| Abstract [eng] |
Various additives or blending of different types of polymers are used to improve the properties of man-made fibers or to give them special functional properties. The project reviews melt spinning process, the most commonly used polymers for melt spinning and bicomponent yarns made from them. The project found that the most suitable polymer for the production of bicomponent yarns with polyamide (PA6) granules is polythylene terephthalate (PET). PET is one of the most widely used polymers in industry, widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and medical industries. PA6 is also a widely used polymer in medical textiles, so its incorporation aims to form two-component PET / PA6 medical threads with improved mechanical properties. The bicomponent yarns were made by melt spinning with a COLLIN® CMF 100 continuous screw screw extruder. PET and bicomponent yarns from PET and PA6 were made, which were drawn on annealed drawing rollers at temperatures from 60 oC to 90 oC. The influence of the temperature of the drawing rollers and the amount of PA6 in the melt mixture on the properties of the yarn structure - the diameter and linear density of the filaments, and the mechanical properties were determined. The diameter of the filaments was determined from Nikon Eclipse E200 optical microscope images using Infinity Analysis and Capture software. A universal tension machine Zwick / Z005 was used to determine the mechanical properties of the yarns. The best mechanical properties are the bicomponent yarn, consisting of 95 % PET and 5 % PA, drawn at 90 oC at the temperature of the drawing rollers. Insertion of PA6 is significant for the decrease in the linear density of the yarns and has an effect on the uneven diameter of the filaments, but the increase in the temperature of the tension rollers up to 90 oC is not significant for the decrease in the linear density. |
