| Abstract [eng] |
Construction is an industry in which work takes place in ever-changing work environments and the workplace of construction workers is not constant. According to the data of the Lithuanian Department of Statistics, in 2020. In the second quarter, construction works were performed in Lithuania for LTL 814.1 million. EUR. On the other hand, construction workers are constantly exposed to a wide range of risks: around 250 million people a year. construction workers injure their jobs and more than 1.1 million. of which dies [6]. The results of an international study conducted 4 years ago revealed that only 46 percent. construction workers claim that their workplace is safe [9]. According to scientists, the construction industry is one of the most dangerous and accident-prone work environments, as construction workers face excessive hazards in their workplace, where they can be seriously injured or even killed. Recent scientific literature suggests that construction workers suffer twice as many work-related injuries and illnesses as, on average, all workers in other industries [16, 26]. And while construction executives say construction work is particularly difficult and it is impossible to prevent construction workers from being injured at work, current research provides invaluable information on the application of workplace workplace risk management measures, as well as measures, processes and technologies that can reduce stress. and strain type hazards, installation. In this context, it can be argued that a comprehensive workplace risk assessment of construction workers has become a necessary guarantee of the success of modern construction organization. Therefore, the main problem in the workplace is to reveal the need for a comprehensive risk assessment of the workplace of construction workers in order to avoid accidents in construction. The aim of the work is to perform a complex risk assessment of the workplace of construction workers. The object of the work is the workplace of construction workers. Work tasks: 1. To examine Lithuanian and foreign scientific works / research related to construction work risk assessment, occupational safety and workers' health. 2. Examine the multi-criteria SAW evaluation method. 3. Conduct a survey of occupational safety experts. 4. Carry out a risk assessment of the workplace of construction workers, determine which of the indicators used have the greatest and least influence on the workplace risk assessment of a construction worker. An analysis of the scientific literature on occupational safety and health process and workplace risk assessment of a construction worker leads to the conclusion that the main factors leading to accidents at work are: non-compliance, negligent actions of employees and non-compliance of work equipment with the requirements of safety and health regulations. The second part of the final master's project analyzes the multi-criteria SAW evaluation method. After conducting a survey of occupational health and safety specialists, a calculation of the consistency of expert opinions was performed. It was found that the opinions of experts were harmonized and the values (weights) of indicators could be used for quantitative multi-criteria assessment. After calculating the relative significance of the indicators, it was found that the most significant indicator is the fall of workers from a height of 0.106 points, and the least significant indicator is the workers' exposure to chemicals, the score of which is 0.091. Workplace risk assessment of interior finishing types of work (ceiling panel installer, wall plasterer, floor paver and painter) by SAW method was performed. It has been determined that the workplace of the floor installer is the least risky and the wall plasterer is the most risky. The work of a floor paver is about 30% (or 1.46 times) less risky than the work of a wall plasterer. The factors that had the greatest influence on the risk assessment were the factors of workers falling from a height, lifting and carrying loads constantly during a shift, and the risk of falling objects on workers working below, which together collected 0.314 out of 1 point. The factor of workers' exposure to chemicals had the least influence, collecting 0.091 out of 1 point. |
