| Abstract [eng] |
Messages which are transmitted through the media have a particularly strong impact on the self-perception of the mass society. The most exposed masses are children. The fun content of popular culture which is created for children is easy-to-understand and playful-looking, so from the very beginning, it shapes children's perception of the world and the order prevailing in it. Children tend to follow their heroes, repeat their behavior, imitate manner. This raises issues related to gender representation in animated films. With the help of fun characters, associative relationships with a particular gender are created, which eventually grow into stereotypes that the younger generation begins to follow unconsciously. The aim of this final project is to explore gender representation in Walt Disney animated films; the object of the project is gender representation in animated films; objectives of the project: To critically analyze the theoretical aspects of gender representation issues by discussing the construct of gender stereotypes; to discuss the problematization of animated cinema; to analyze appearance and manner of the main characters; identify gender roles in Disney princess films; to analyze the goals and values set in animated films. In response to the first task, analyzing the scientific sources which are related to gender issues, feminism and the media. It is observed that feminist movements have had a significant impact on changing the representation of gender in the media. However, there remains a tendency for women to demonstrate weaker, more sensitive, more passive if compared to a man. It has historically been the case that the world is based on a patriarchal system, so it is clear that the problematic area is the representation of women. For this reason, 12 cartoons have been chosen, in which the main characters are women - these are films of Disney princesses. Such a choice should theoretically ensure that the central figure in all animated films will be a woman. All films are divided into three groups according to the period: classical period films; renaissance films, modern age films. The research first discusses the issue of animated films in general. Then moves specifically to the analysis of Disney princess films, presenting the main characters and their distribution in the story. Following the tasks set in the project, next analyzed the manner and appearance of the main characters. There are noticed repeated correlations between the manner and appearance of the characters, it is noticed that usually the princesses are represented by extremely young, slender, big-eyed, pleasant, communicative with animals, beautiful. Their beauty is the main accent, so the number of compliments received for beauty versus compliments for skills progressively varies over time: beauty is the most important for the classical period; in modern films - abilities. Princes are usually represented broad-shouldered, of normal build, brave, strong. Moving on to the analysis of gender roles, it has been observed that princesses are in many cases demonstrated as those to be rescued, while the prince is assigned the role of savior. In all the films, the progression of gender roles is felt parallel to the feminist movements: the role of the woman is strengthened, the image that the girl's main job is housework is abandoned. Unfortunately, in secondary characters are still notices classical, stereotypical gender roles. The goals and values of the main characters are marriage-oriented. A narrative of marriage is felt, which is parallel to the main plot line. Although marriage is represented as mandatory for both the prince and the princess, the difference remains that in the case of a princess, marriage is represented as the sole and most important purpose of life. Meanwhile, for the prince, marriage is like an option, he does not face such strong public pressure as the princess. After the analysis of the content of the mentioned animated films, the conclusions are presented on the basis of each set goal, also the list of literature and filmography are presented. |
