| Abstract [eng] |
Main requirements for sock products are comfort, longevity, and good looking exterior during the entire wear period. A wide range of different raw sock products is currently offered to consumers in the market. In order to meet the needs of consumers, efforts are made to offer the best variants of fiber composition in the production of socks. The research aims to investigate the influence of different fiber compositions and structures on the wear products of socks. The socks designed for the research were knitted in a plain layered weave of yarns of different fibrous compositions, using the 14E class sock machine “Sangiacomo 6 Cus” (Italy). In order to determine the consumable properties, seven variations of socks were knitted using bamboo viscose, wool, organic cotton, cotton, polyamide, combination of polyamide and polyester “Thermolite” yarn, and a combination of cotton and metallized yarn. The main indicators of knit structure, such as loop length and vertical and horizontal densities were measured during the research; loop step and row height, knit surface density, coverage factor, and knit thickness were calculated. The influence of fiber composition and structure on the abrasion resistance and air permeability of knitted materials. The change of the surface of the knits after the determination of abrasion resistance was evaluated. Statistical calculations were performed for all parts of the research. The results of the research showed that the fibrous composition and structure characteristics of knits affect abrasion resistance and air permeability. It was found that increasing the abrasion speed also increases the mass loss of knitted fabrics. The lowest mass loss after the abrasion resistance at 50.000 revolutions was found for socks made of a polyamide and polyester “Thermolite” yarn combination. It was also determined, that the knits made from natural fibers have the highest air permeability, while the knits made from synthetic fibers have the lowest. Loop length, surface density, and fiber composition affect the air permeability of a knit – as the loop length increases and the loop surface density decreases, the air permeability increases. The research showed that the air permeability decreases with increasing abrasion speed. At the effect of 50.000 abrasion revolutions, knitwear made of cotton and metallized yarn had the highest air permeability, while cotton knitwear had the lowest. The surface change of knits made of the polyamide and polyester “Thermolite” yarn combination after 50 000 abrasion revolutions was insignificant, and, on a five-point surface change scale, was rated 5-4 points. |
