| Abstract [eng] |
In the final projects discusses the statistics of fossil fuel consumption and production in 2009 – 2018, reviews the problems of air pollution. An analysis of the literature suggests that fossil fuel production is declining every year, as is fossil fuel consumption, but the problem of air pollution remains a sensitive issue. In order to contribute to the promotion of ecology, the use of alternative energy sources in transport is analyzed, alternative energy sources (water, air, wind, sun) are compared. Since the aim of the work is related to the study of solar energy efficiency - solar energy and sunshine in Lithuania are discussed. After reviewing irradiance in Lithuania, it can be noticed that one of the main problems that may influence the choice of solar energy use is cloudiness. Lithuania has an average of 80% cloud cover per year, but the amount of solar energy received is not less than that of the country used for comparison – Germany. Various equipment is used for the research, therefore it is possible to get acquainted with photovoltaic cells, their types, batteries, photovoltaic cell connection methods. Due to the now common practical use both in research and on the market, a mono crystal photovoltaic cell and choose a consistent connection method . The paper also discusses the characteristics of the solar cell. Due to the highest energy consumption and popularity in the market, the „Nissan Leaf“ is chosen, the car is presented with a graphic view, the solar cell installation locations - the bonnet and roof, the reasons for this choice – the use of free and unused space. In order to assess whether it is efficient to use solar cells in an electric vehicle, measurements are performed in March - May, the generated power of the solar cell is calculated and the results are presented. After evaluating the obtained results, it was established that during different measurements the car can theoretically drive using only solar energy 0,371 – 10,1 km. Also, the results obtained are highly dependent on weather conditions – due to unfavorable weather conditions, the amount of power generated on the car can vary by more than 1888,47 W (96% more power is generated in May than in March). The results of the calculations in 4 different cases (estimating the extra mass, due to the installed equipment / without additional mass; with and without acceleration) allow to state that the additional mass has a very minimal effect on the change in energy consumption ( average change in energy consumption 0,29 – 1,58%). Conclusions and appendices are presented at the end of the work. |
