| Abstract [eng] |
The project presents an investigation of the multifunctional nanofillers effect on polymer composite mechanical properties. In the first part, research is carried out on literature about nanofillers, their types, properties and modelling of hierarchical composites as well as possible applications in aviation. Experimental testing was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the hierarchical composite. For this task were selected materials used in aviation and compared properties of composites with pure matrix and doped with 0.5 wt.% of carbon nanotubes. Results of a static tensile test using carbon fibre and glass fibre specimens at 0° and 45° angles to load direction showed that hierarchical composite at low amounts of nanofiller can perform better than traditional composite with a pure matrix. Mechanical parameters were increased by up to 25%. Same types of specimens were tested for compression. Addition of CNTs caused improvement of mechanical properties similar to the tensile tests. Finally, free-fall impact tests were carried out. In this case, the composite sandwich structure was used with varying amount of CNTs: from 0 wt.% to 0.75 wt.%. Properties were improved with addition of 0.25 wt.% of CNTs but were degraded with increase of nanofiller due to agglomeration and dispersion issues. Finite element model was created on graphene and MXene nanofillers impact to mechanical properties of the polymer composite. This allows to simulate how nanofillers affect polymer matrix. This research investigated the impact of several parameters: aspect ratio, alignment of inclusions, effective interface Young’s modulus and volume fraction. Simulation results show, that the normalized effective elastic modulus was increased at higher volume fractions and aspect ratios of nanofillers. Furthermore, inclusion alignment significantly improved results. |
