| Abstract [eng] |
In 19th century „The people‘s spring“ revolution gave a start to the creation of nation states, which were formed by traditions, customs, language and geographic location. Assessing through the historical prism, national expression in architecture can be divided in these periods: until 20th century – traditional Lithuanian etno-architecture (folk architecture); interwar – Kaunas modernism, which is created with conscious national symbolism (\"National style\"); after the Second World War - mass construction; Independent Lithuanian architecture - national symbols in today's architecture. From the theoretical research carried out, it can be argued that the national expression in professional architecture is most noticeable in the interwar period. Based on these studies, a hypothetical model was created. Empirical studies carried out sociological surveys of the society and experts, in which the public opinion about the national expression in architecture was discovered. During the empirical studies, Ch. Alexander‘s Paternal Language Method was applied. Summarizing the results of the research, it can be argued that Kaunas is a city whose interwar architecture is characterized by the deliberate creation of \"national style\". The concept of national expression in architecture is embodied by the conceptual model, which is based on the analysis of analyzed and fused research results. The experimental project was based on the basis of research and conceptual model. According to the criteria found in the research, the function selected for the project is „Nation‘s Cognitive Center“ and the location – 60 Laivės Avenue, Kaunas (the place of the former „Merkurijus“ shopping center). According to the research carried out, the building must embody three inseparable aspects of national architecture - ornament, wood, and song. The studies have influenced the aesthetics of the experimental project: there was used folk ornaments and wooden decoration. The song in the building is reflected through the function, because in the „Nation‘s Cognitive Center“ there will be a concert hall. |
