| Abstract [eng] |
The last decade shows that one of the priority economic directions is to solve one of the most pressing socio-economic problems - the high level of long-term unemployment caused by the economic downturn in 2008-2009. The loss of human capital, emigration is a consequence of longterm unemployment. The unexploited human resources of a long-term unemployed result in a lower gross domestic product, the state does not receive income to the extent that it can get the most out of all human resources. A person loses the source of income, social guarantees and faces financial difficulties, because he is limited to satisfying his minimum needs. The task of the state is to find effective ways to integrate long-term unemployed into an active labor market. Long-term unemployment in the country's labor market is the subject of this research. The main objective of the work is to find out the causes of the emergence of long-term unemployment which have the greatest impact on long-term unemployment and evaluate the effectiveness of active labor market measures. The work analyzes the objective and subjective causes of the emergence of long-term unemployment. Structural changes taking place in enterprises made by innovative solutions, low wages and relatively high social guarantees for the unemployed are objective reasons. Low labor qualifications, lack of work skills and motivation, lack of knowledge of foreign languages also cause long-term unemployment. The study made on changes in economic indicators and long-term unemployment rates and on the strength of communication makes it possible to claim that there is a direct link between average monthly gross earnings and long-term unemployment. Other indicators of long-term unemployment are poorly influenced. At the same time it should be noted that long-term unemployment causes emigration flows. The most effective measure is the employment subsidies. Vocational training or retraining has only a short-term impact. The measure - Territorial mobility - is not fully used to reduce long-term 5 unemployment. There is the lack of innovative solutions to the integration of long-term unemployed into the labor market. This is evidenced by the study of active labor market policy measures. |
