| Abstract [eng] |
One of the biggest environmental protection issues of our time is polluted air - 9 out of 10 people breathe polluted air. Particulate matter in the environment have the greatest negative impact on human health. One of the most effective methods used to remove solid particles from the air is filtration. Nanofiber filtration materials obtained through electrospinning technology are becoming increasingly popular due to their high filtration efficiency. In the final project, a study was conducted to evaluate the influence of morphological parameters on the properties of nanofiber filtration materials obtained through solution electrospinning. Samples for the study of filtration properties were obtained by solution electrospinning, covering Spunbond nonwoven fabric with a polibutylene succinate nanolayer. The morphology of nanofibers was evaluated using SEM analysis. It was found that with increasing spinning time, the diameter of fiber threads and pores decreases, respectively, from 0.26 ± 0.08 to 0.18 ± 0.05 μm and from 2.07 ± 0.50 to 0.42 ± 0.08 μm. The grammage of the nanolayer ranged from 0.88 ± 0.35 g/m2 to 18.05 ± 0.58 g/m2. The average pore diameter and pore size distribution were determined using a capillary flow porometer. The average pore diameter of the filtration material ranged from 6.0 ± 0.8 to 0.5 ± 0.1 μm and corresponded to the most common pore diameter in the samples. Nanofiber filtration materials based on polibutylene succinate demonstrated high filtration efficiency (99.49%) with relatively low pressure drop. The pore diameter in the range of 0.5 to 1 μm was particularly important in terms of pressure drop. For pore diameters between 0.5 and 1.0 μm, pressure drop was not significant, but particle retention efficiency remains above 90%. The optimal spinning time was 10 minutes (QF - 0.15 Pa-1) when the average pore diameter was 1.0 ± 0.1 μm. Such a filtering membrane exhibited relatively high efficiency in capturing NaCl aerosol particles - 98.51% - and low pressure drop - 28 Pa. |
