| Abstract [eng] |
As energy efficiency requirements are constantly changing and growing, and conventional construction options are no longer attractive to the market, alternative solutions are constantly being sought to reduce environmental impact, speed up construction, reduce prices, etc. Since the wall structure is the largest barrier of the building, it was chosen for the study. The purpose of the selected study is to perform a multi-criteria evaluation of the efficiency of different structural systems of a single-family residential house. In the first part of the master's thesis, the scientific literature of Lithuania and the world was reviewed. According to the literature review, three structural systems of the wall of a residential house were described, meeting the requirements of the A++ energy class. Advantages, disadvantages, history and further perspectives of walls constructions was also reviewed. The second part describes the selected calculation and research methodology, multi-criteria evaluation methodology. The classification of multi-objective solutions is distinguished, the multi-criteria MOORA evaluation method applied in the work is described in detail. In the last, third, part of the master's thesis, three structural wall systems are analyzed and compared. Seven selected indicators are described, three of them maximizing and four minimizing. The reasons for their selection are described, the methodology and results of the calculation or evaluation of each indicator are also presented. The importance of the criteria is determined by surveying construction experts. Ten experts were interviewed, who gave great importance to the indicators describing the environmental impact and the thickness of the structural system. The least importance was given to the indicators describing the thermal capacity of the building's internal premises and transport costs. The results of the study were obtained using the MOORA multi-criteria evaluation method, according to which the light thin-walled steel wall system is the best (of the three tested). The numerical value of its rationality indicator is -0.0279. |
