| Abstract [eng] |
Tissue and organ failure is a serious health care problem worldwide. Smart technologies developed to tackle this problem are focused on spontaneous tissue regeneration. Melt Electrospinning is a poorly researched, green technology that attracts increasing interest in biomedicine, as it creates various forms of structures from polymer melt that can simulate the natural environment of the extracellular matrix. The successful application of the Scaffold in Tissue engineering depends on many of its characteristics: biocompatibility, biodegradability, architecture, mechanical properties. Depending on the desired adjustment, the Scaffold properties can be modified by changing the Electrospinning parameters during the process. Therefore, the application of the melt Electrospinning technique in Regenerative medicine requires a better understanding of the production of Scaffolds and therefore the impact of the parameters regulating them must be investigated. The material selected for the implementation of the masters final project meets the requirements for Tissue engineering. Polylactide has been selected as a raw material for excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and treatment. The study assessed the different Electrospinning parameters of the melt: filament heating temperature, supply debit, voltage and distance between needle and collector, influence on the properties of the PLA fiber. PLA Scaffolds formed by Melt Electrospinning have been analyzed in chemical, physical and mechanical tests. The results of the study revealed that all parameters of Electrospinning had a significant effect on Scaffold morphology. The formed PLA Scaffolds had a fibrous structure with random and intertwined fiber. Increasing the distance and tension between the needle and the collector values was evident when analyzing the scanning electronic microscopy images. The average diameter of the fiber was found to vary from 59,29 μm to 23,55 μm at different temperature and filament delivery debit values, from 35,92 μm to 19,82 μm, from 39,99 μm to 13,56 μm. The heating temperature of the PLA fiber and the supply debit had the greatest impact on the diameter of fiber. As the values of these parameters increased, the diameter of fiber declined and the smallest diameter of fiber (10,01 μm) was obtained at 230 °C and 8,06 mg/min of polymer supply. The FTIR analysis revealed that PLA Scaffolds formed by Melt Electrospinning had functional groups specific to PLA. It was found that the temperature of 230 °C had a negative impact on the chemical structure of PLA structures. The water contact angle analysis showed that the hydro-phobic status of PLA Scaffolds decreased as the values of voltage and distance between needle and collector parameters decreased. The minimum hydrophobic angle of contacting of the construction water is 107,8 °. The stretch test, with the best mechanical properties being stretched, was characterized by PLA Scaffolds formed at the lowest temperature and supply controversy. The tension strength is 2,56 MPa and the elasticity module is 123.6 N/mm2. |
