| Abstract [eng] |
In construction, all structures transfer their loads through the foundations to the ground. Therefore, the bearing properties and stability of the soil are very important, which can lead to deformations, changes or even collapse of the building elements. Before carrying out the design of the building, IGGT testing is mandatory in almost all cases, because without knowing the geological conditions during construction, we may encounter unforeseen conditions such as, high groundwater, weak and unstable soils, cavities, etc. t. Based on the results of the IGGT survey, the foundations of the structure are selected and a decision is made on the need for soil reinforcement. With the development of technology, solutions are found to strengthen weak soils or ignore them by deepening the foundations of the building to the required strength or choosing a planar type foundation. It is also possible to replace weak soils with primers of the required strength. In Lithuania, weak soils are found in the coastal zone, in the karst area of Northern Lithuania and in separate areas. Therefore, a mandatory IGG study is now in place, with some exceptions [1], allowing the selection and design of suitable foundations. However, in terms of economics, installation specifics and speed, multi-criteria assessments are recommended to determine the most optimal option. Properly insulated foundations make a significant contribution to a building’s energy efficiency. Insulation systems for permanent formwork, the optimal insulation option for foundations to avoid cold bridges, are used instead of formwork. Permanent formwork technology speeds up the installation of foundations and reduces the likelihood of improper foundation insulation. In the theoretical part of the master's thesis, the analysis of scientific sources, information sources and technical literature is performed. The second part presents the classification of multicriteria evaluation methods and examines the two multicriteria methods MOORA and TOPSIS methodology and calculation algorithms. The results of the survey of construction experts, which determine the significance of the selected evaluation criteria and the assessment of the coherence of the opinions of the survey participants, are presented. Calculations were performed using the selected multi-criteria methods to evaluate six alternatives for “U”-type permanent formwork insulation systems. Assessing the selected criteria according to the significance of the indicators. The results of different methods are compared. |
