| Abstract [eng] |
As the economy grows every year, so does the number of cars on the roads, and all cars eventually become end-of-life vehicles (ELV). As waste avoidance is at the top of waste management priorities and the reuse of parts is one of the ways to avoid waste, it is important to clarify the significance of this process from an environmental point of view. In many cases, the lower cost of parts is the biggest incentive for buyers to choose used parts, so an economic assessment of the re-use of ELV parts was also carried out in this study. ELV is hazardous waste, its correct management is very important for the Lithuanian environment. Unfortunately, the statistics are not encouraging, in 2017, possibly 87 % of ELVs in Lithuania were dismantled illegally [1]. Illegal companies often do not dismantle cars as required. Knowing the benefits of re-using the details of an ENTP will make it easier for decision-makers to find arguments and promote legal ELV management activities and buyer awareness. According to the recommendations of other authors, an environmental assessment of the reuse of ELV components was selected by performing material flow analysis and using CO2 equivalents calculated by other researchers for different materials. To further assess the environmental impact of ELV degradation, a life cycle assessment methodology and five assessment categories have been selected. The economic analysis of the re-use of ELV parts was performed based on the analysis of material flows and the practical analysis of the prices of parts in the market. The four most popular cars of different types in Lithuania were selected as the object of research - a hybrid Toyota Prius, an electric Nissan Leaf, a diesel-powered Volkswagen Golf plus, and a gasoline-powered Volkswagen Golf plus. The results showed that up to 38 % of the mass of electric and hybrid and 27 % and 28 % of diesel and petrol-powered ELVs, respectively, can be reused. The biggest CO2 savings are made by reusing the parts of an electric car, the lowest savings come from a petrol-powered car. The life cycle analysis revealed that in four categories, the electric car has the highest environmental impact during production, the hybrid car has the lowest impact, and the diesel car has the lowest impact in one category. Electric cars have the largest impact on the environment in the ELV management process according to all the studied categories, while the petrol-powered car has the lowest. The economic assessment found that the greatest economic benefits for ELV operators are from electric cars, the least from petrol-powered cars, and buyers save the most by buying used hybrid car parts and the least from electric car parts. |
