| Abstract [eng] |
Environmental exposure, such as toxins, pollutants, diet, or UV radiation, are major causes of biomolecular oxidation and oxidative stress that can cause disease or disorder and accelerate the aging process in human body. Compounds with antioxidant properties not only protect the body from some diseases associated with aging, but also reduce the effects of oxidative stress. Biotechnology uses living organisms that are modified by genetic engineering to produce new, non-specific substances. The use of cell cultures to produce useful compounds can become a source of pharmacological compounds. For these reasons, the study evaluated two medicinal plants (Calendula officinalis L. and Carthamus tinctorius L.) antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The aim of the study is to find out the plant with the strongest antioxidant properties, to compare cultures, to determine antioxidant enzymes and bioactive compounds and to investigate the antibacterial activity of plants against gram-negative bacteria. Examination of the antioxidant activity of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) showed that the strongest antioxidant properties were found in safflower stem callus culture (TDZ 0,5 mg/l; NAR 0,2 mg/l) extract with antioxidant activity 24,06 μmol/l. Antioxidant enzymes were detected in extracts of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) plants, in which ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity had the highest activity in in vivo extract of calendula flowers. The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds were found in the extract of calendula root callus culture with N-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-3-((4- methoxyphenyl)amino)propanamide compound, and the highest concentration of lutein was found in calendula flowers in vivo. |
