| Abstract [eng] |
Baltic cultural heritage plays an important role while searching for the identity of Lithuania. Ornaments, shapes, fragments of songs and fairytales, symbols can become a source of inspiration. In the contemporary world the globalisation may have a negative effect as the cultural expression in different countries may become less unique, more similar and standardised. Thus, the main goal of the project is to create a conceptual model, which would indicate the architectural tools that could help to express the identity of ancient baltic culture through architecture, and to illustrate the ideas of the model with an experimental architectural project. Literature analysis has shown that one of the most important aspects in the baltic world view was the harmony between the nature and the people of a community. There are two ways to express these cultural values through architecture: retrospective and perspective. Both of them are combined by creating the spirit of a place. For this reason, specific physical spatial qualities and patterns of behaviour should be used to integrate the building seamlessly to the natural and cultural contexts. The list of 10 architectural features, which were common for the ancient settlements, was formed and the research was performed on how those physical qualities help to encourage stronger connections between people themselves and the nature. Another thing that could help to achieve those goals was to promote creative activities and sustainable lifestyles. For the empirical research the methods of sociological survey, interview of the experts and the analysis of lithuanian architectural objects were used. In order to be able to evaluate the strenght of precence of specific physical features in a building, precise criteria were set based on Ch. Alexander patterns. The study showed that the qualities, which were prevaling in the baltic culture, were also common for the lithuanian architecture of different periods, especially th public buildings with cultural and recreational functions, or private residential houses. The conceptual model, which was generated according to the literature and empirical researches, was the basis for creating an experimental architectural project of Baltic crafts colony in Marvelė. As the analysis of the selected territory included the historical research about the culture of ancient community of Marvelė, the conclusions that were formulated in the literature analysis were proved to be correct. For this reason, in order to express the baltic culture through architecture while creating spaces which maintain a harmonious relation with the nature and which are attractive for the people to gather and communicate, the list of matrial qualities and creative functions were used in the architecture. |
