| Abstract [eng] |
The Master's thesis analyzes the resource potential in Alytus regional landfill (in the old landfill and in the first section of new landfill). Due to the limited stocks of raw materials it is necessary to draw attention to the large quantities of materials in landfills. According to the researchers, worldwide about 300 million tons of copper are disposed of in landfills corresponding to more than 30 % of the remaining reserves in known ores. Landfill mining method allows not only reduce inappropriate operated by landfill posed a negative impact on the environment but also ensure a sustainable supply of raw materials from local sources, thus reducing the demand for raw materials, and the amount of waste in the landfills. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the feasibilities for resources recovering from Alytus landfill. Master thesis goal was achieved by resolving the following tasks: 1. To determine the composition and quantities of landfilled waste using reverse forecasting; 2. To evaluate degradation of landfilled waste; 3. To evaluate and compare the potential of landfilled resources in closed section of old waste and in the new section. Hypothesis: the share of materials to suitable for recycling and energy production is about one quarter of Lithuanian landfills content. In the work using LCA-IWM prognostic model was prepared landfilled waste quantities and composition of reverse forecasting. Also was estimated soil for waste overlay and waste degradation using first order decay. Finally the resource potential in the landfill was estimated and theoretical and practical composition of the waste was compared. It was estimated that in the old landfill was disposed 451889 tons of waste and in the new landfill 297140 tons. The major part of the landfilled waste consists of organic waste, paper and cardboard, glass, plastic and other burnable waste. The total amount of waste after degradation in old landfill decreased by 35 percent, while the new landfill of 20 percent. It was obtained that resource potential in the old landfill consist of: 27556 tons of paper and cardboard, 32535 tons of glass, 9754 tons of metals, 30248 tons of plastic, and 43640 tons of other burnable waste and in the new landfill resource potential consist of: 28815 tons of paper and cardboard, 18879 tons of glass, 6378 tons of metals, 24956 tons of plastic, and 38008 t other burnable waste. Theoretical and practical data differs, in the practical trials of glass found much less than expected it is likely that it is in the fine fraction, but bigger potential of metals, plastics and other burnable waste. The hypothesis was confirmed: the share of materials suitable for recycling and energy production is more than one quarter of Lithuanian landfills content. But it should be noted that normally landfill mining takes place 20-30 years after the closure of landfills therefore paper and cardboard and other burnable waste quantities will be significantly lower due to the rather rapid degradation of the waste fractions compared to other. The results of the research work were used for the research service contract 31V211/14 \"Materials recovery from Alytus regional landfill options\" report. The results also were presented in the students scientific conference \"Chemistry and chemical technology 2015“. |
