| Abstract [eng] |
Lithuania highly increases domestic energy production from renewable energy sources in order to achieve energy independence, use of environmentally friendly resources and integration to energy systems of European Union. For that purpose there are certain means to promote it. October 1st, 2019 changes in Renewable Energy and Electricity Law opened the way to produce electric power and to use it in geographically different places. This study discusses solar energy. Nowadays this technology is advanced and cheaper so as a result it is becoming more attractive to consumers. All of this provides decentralized production which is strongly connected to smart grid development. Solar electricity systems can optimise electricity networks, also it allows to reduce electricity costs for consumers. However, today's electricity network is not adapted to the significant growth of the small generation which causes major issues like voltage fluctuations, various disturbances or even a threat to the reliability of the network. This study relies on actual factual data, which were obtained using inner databases and programs of company AB „Energijos skirstymo operatorius“. In this study generating consumer model, generating consumer energy accounting and operation, payment methods for energy “storage” in the electricity network according to VERT January 1st, 2020 approved costs are analysed, also innovations are introduced, which are remote producing consumers and the first solar parks to appear in Lithuania. This research analyzes 39 producing consumers, which produced 51 thousand kWh more than they consumed during the so-called "accumulation" period. Under current law, this amount of energy is simply lost. In order to make the most of the surplus energy produced, consumption habits are changing - special efforts are being made to consume more energy, so it is concluded that the current regime does not promote efficient and economical consumption. Producing consumers solves the problem of excess energy when connecting remote objects ,but they already have 61 thousand kWh of energy that is lacking and has to be bought from suppliers or increase production capacity. In this study there are two remote consumers A and B which are analyzed in more detail. The real impact of these manufacturers' solar power plants on electricity quality is verified. Solar power plant equipment is selected, investments after credit assessment and payback are calculated. Current Renewable Resources law encourages consumers to install solar power plants and produce electricity only for its energy needs, but not to produce more. It is noticeable that it is difficult for producing consumers to predict energy needs. It is proposed to change the current VERT pricing, simplifying it and making it more attractive to consumers, and to eliminate the "misappropriation" of excess energy. |
