| Abstract [eng] |
Catharanthus roseus L. is a plant of the family Apocynaceae with antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antimutagenic and anti-inflammatory properties and contains valuable alkaloids – vincristine and vinblastine. In this study, Catharanthus roseus was grown in vivo and its callus cultures in vitro on Murashige & Skoog, Linsmaier & Skoog and Gamborg media. Catharanthus roseus callus cultures were most intensively formed in vitro by plant leaves. The highest mean growth of Catharanthus roseus callus culture was found in Murashige & Skoog medium with 1-naphthylacetic acid (1 mg/l) and kinetin (0.1 mg/l). Quantitative analysis was performed and plant bioactivity was assessed. The highest activity of antioxidant enzymes (maximum value of proline dehydrogenase – 11.34 (μmol NAD/mg protein x min) and superoxide dismutase – 1.305 units/mg) was observed spectrophotometrically. The highest protein concentration (11.81 mg/100 g) was accumulated in Catharanthus roseus callus cultures grown in Gamborg medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1 mg/l) and kinetin (0.1 mg/l). The highest concentration of L-proline (1567.32 μmol/g) was found in Catharanthus roseus in vivo. Chlorophyll a (213.71 mg/100 g) and b (127.09 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (70.49 mg/100 g) were accumulated the most in cultures of Catharanthus roseus callus grown in Murashige & Skoog medium with 1-naphthylacetic acid (1 mg/l) and kinetin (0.1 mg/l). The highest concentration of phenolic compounds (16.947 mg/100 g) was accumulated by Catharanthus roseus in vivo, and the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (11.653 mg/100 g) was synthesized in cultures of Catharanthus roseus callus grown in Murashige & Skoog medium with 1-naphthylacetic acid (1 mg/l) and kinetin (0.1 mg/l). The most active antioxidant properties were observed in the in vivo flowers. Callus cultures grown in Murashige & Skoog medium with 1-naphthylacetic acid (1 mg/l) and kinetin (0.1 mg/l) also showed the highest antioxidant activity. This study showed that Murashige & Skoog's medium was the best medium for in vitro cultivation of leaf callus, Linsmaier & Skoog medium for stems and Gamborg medium for root callus. |
