| Abstract [eng] |
Nowadays, people cannot imagine their life without everyday appliances. Most of these devices require electricity to operate. One of the most popular ways to extract energy is from non-renewable energy sources. Scientists have been looking for alternative ways to generate energy from renewable sources, such as wind energy, geothermal energy, solar energy, hydropower etc. Solar cells are devices that convert absorbed light into electricity and silicon solar cells are currently the most commonly used technology to do that. However, it has its own drawbacks and other high efficiency solar cell technologies have been developed. Perovskite Solar cells are among the most efficient thirdgeneration cells; however, there are several obstacles that need to be addressed in order for it to see a widespread use. One of them is the use of expensive charge-transporting semiconductors to obtain efficient devices. The aim of this project is to synthesise inexpensive materials, containing carbazolyl- and fluorenyl-chromophores, that would be obtained by a simple synthetic methods and would be suitable as hole-transporting semiconductors for perovskite solar cells. In this project, carbazole and fluorene intermediates were synthesized and target derivatives containing fluorenyl and carbazolyl chromophores were isolated. From the UV / VIS spectroscopy results, it can be stated that all compounds have similar sized conjugated p-electron systems. Analysis of the thermal properties showed that all compounds are thermally stable up to 400 oC and have glass transition temperatures above 100 oC (except compound 9). The photoelectric properties data shows that the ionization potentials of the investigated materials is in the range of 4,77–5,28 eV. This range is suitable for the use of target materials in perovskite solar cells. The determined hole drift mobility (µ = 5 · 10-4–8 · 10-3 cm2 / Vs) is also favourable. Derivative with propyl alkyl substituents and methoxyphenyl chromophores demonstrated the best carrier mobility. It has also been observed that the synthesized spiro-class analogues have higher charge carrier mobility than spiro-OMeTAD, which is currently considered to be the most efficient hole transport material. |
