| Abstract [eng] |
This paper revealed the need and possibilities for the development of the network of electric car charging stations in Lithuania. First, Lithuanian charging infrastructure of electric vehicles at the micro (station concept, types and characteristics, installation, failures) and macro (network analysis and its future perspectives according to LAKD and state documents) levels was reviewed, and a comparative example from Norway is presented. Similar scientific papers are reviewed. After assessing the current situation of the Lithuanian charging network and highlighting the problems of the lack of fast charging stations, as well as based on scientific articles, the methods for solving these problems were reviewed. Going deeper into the methodology and results of the work, a public survey on extra urban mobility for members of the electric car user community was conducted with the participation of 54 respondents. The survey results highlighted the lack of fast charging stations in the eastern part of Lithuania. Continuing the research, the optimal route through Lithuanian biggest cities was created according to the traveling salesman problem, and after comparing how a traditional car and an electric car overcomes this route, it turned out that an electric car would take it much longer than a traditional car due to lack of fast charging stations in western Lithuania. Respectively, according to the previously obtained results, which testify to the lack of fast charging stations in the east and west of Lithuania, network development options according to Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulations are presented - 6 new fast charging stations in Rokiškis/Kupiškis, Ignalina, Varėna/Valkininkai, Šakiai, Šilutė, Mažeikiai. Finally, forecasts for the development of a network of fast charging stations for a period of 5 years in Lithuania were presented according to the population methodology (arithmetic, geometric and incremental growth), exponential smoothing and trends in other countries. To assess the accuracy of the prediction methods, back-testing and estimation of the mean percentage absolute errors were performed. Comparing the forecasts, it became clear that the most reliable and suitable for Lithuania was according to the method of incremental population growth, indicating 332 units of fast charging stations. After summarizing the work and comparing it with similar scientific works, the final conclusions were presented. |
