| Abstract [eng] |
Leather industry includes multiple complex processes before final product can be use as raw material for shoes, clothes and other products manufacturing. Chemicals that are used in leather industry (lime, sulphide, chrome) cause almost 80–90 % pollution. Leather industry, with increasing interest in environmental friendly processes, started to use the concept of cleaner production to minimize their impact and reduce the demand of harmful materials, water and use rationally raw material. The use of enzymes in the industry is gaining more recognition due to advancements made in their isolation and purification, also they ar known as ecofriendly materials. Nowadays, enzymes are used in different leather processes such as soaking, unhairing, bating, degreasing. However, currently enzymes in leather industry are mostly applied in bating process. The main aim of the research was to evaluate enzymes preparations Lithudac L and Zime SB impact during pickling and chroming processes. During the study process impact was determined by collagenous proteins in pickling solutions, shrinkage temperature, porosity, exhaustion of chrome compounds and their amount in chromed leather, amount of matter soluble in dichloromethane, exhaustion of dyes and filling materials, chromed leather mechanical properties. Leather structural changes were analysed by IR spectroscopy. The obtain results show, that enzymatic pickling and chroming have considerable effect on hide properties. During enzymatic pickling, higher amount of collagen proteins were removed from hide, enzymatic pickled and chromed leather has higher hydrothermal stability, exhaustion of chrome compounds and chrome amount in leather. |
