| Abstract [eng] |
Income inequality and population migration are economic processes, which exist in every country. Only amount is different. Scientists analyze income inequality and population migration intensively but still is lack of interconnection researches. Therefore, the object of Master's project is income inequality impact on population migration and the main purpose is to evaluate income inequality impact on population migration. The tasks to achieve the aim of this project are to justify importance of evaluating income inequality impact on population migration, to analyze scientific literature of income inequality and population migration, to produce investigation methodology, also, to identify income inequality impact on population migration in groups of European Union countries. In the first part of Master's project, the review of scientists' research and statistics data have ascertained that income inequality has an impact on population migration. That is why it is very important to investigate this bond. In theoretic part, there are explorations of Lithuanian and foreign authors' literature of income inequality, population migration and their connection. The analysis of the scientific literature has revealed that income inequality is differences between households. They depend on the individual's personality, country of residence and circumstances. Because of income inequality, country's economic growth becomes slower and society feels dissatisfied. Population migration is change of residence for a certain period. It is used to escape from poverty. Usually, there are more immigrants in countries with low income inequality and there are more emigrants in countries with high income inequality. Research is done according to methodology that is written in third part. Correlation and regression are used to explore income inequality impact on population migration in groups of these days European Union countries. Income inequality growth has no direct impact on emigration but causes immigration decline in the first group (income inequality is low and migration balance is positive). Income inequality impact on population migration is different in second group (income inequality is medium and migration balance is positive). There are no countries in European Union, where income inequality is high level and would be more immigrants than emigrants. In addition, there are no countries in European Union, where income inequality is low level and would be more emigrants than immigrants. Therefore, third and fourth groups are not investigated. Income inequality growth causes emigration and immigration decline in the fifth group (income inequality is medium and migration balance is negative). Income inequality growth has no direct impact on emigration but causes immigration decline in the sixth group (income inequality is high and migration balance is negative). So, income inequality has stronger impact on immigration than emigration in groups of European Union countries. Income inequality has impact on emigration only in countries with middle level of income inequality. The study found that income inequality impact on population migration between and inside groups of European Union countries is different. |
