| Abstract [eng] |
The topic of this master’s thesis is the production of organic granular fertilizers using buckwheat hull ash, coffee bean husks, and banana peels. The thesis discusses the growing demand for alternative and sustainable fertilizer raw materials and the potential for utilizing biomass waste in fertilizer production. Significant attention is given to the use of buckwheat hull ash as a source of phosphorus and potassium, as well as the influence of various organic raw materials and additives on the granulation process. The study determined the chemical composition of the raw materials used, evaluated their physical properties, and conducted pelletization tests using different raw material compositions, moisture contents, and binders. Pellet quality was assessed based on particle size distribution and mechanical strength. An analysis of the granules microstructure and elemental composition was also performed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results of the study showed that the use of organic additives improves pellet formation and increases the yield of the 2-5 mm fraction. However, the mechanical strength of the resulting pellets remained insufficient for practical application. It was found that the moisture content of the mixture and the ratio of organic materials used have a significant impact on the pelletization process. Gypsum and molasses improved the pellet formation process but did not ensure sufficient mechanical strength of the pellets. Based on the research conducted, a conceptual flowchart for the production of granulated organic fertilizers is presented, and occupational safety and health requirements are discussed. |
