| Abstract [eng] |
Carrot pomace (CP) represents a promising source of dietary fiber with potential applications in functional food systems. This study investigated the effects of enzymatic hydrolysis (Pectinex® Ultra Tropical, Celluclast® 1.5 L, and Viscozyme® L) on the chemical composition, technological, and functional properties of CP. The untreated CP was characterized by a high total dietary fiber (TDF) content, predominated by insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), with a soluble dietary fiber (SDF)/IDF ratio of 1:1.6. Enzymatic treatment significantly reduced TDF and IDF (up to 54.1% and 58.5%, respectively) while increasing reducing sugars by 2.3–3.4-fold and changing the SDF/IDF ratio to 1:1.2–1.5. Technological properties were altered, with decreased oil-retention capacity and color intensity, whereas water-solubility index increased, and water-swelling capacity was enzyme-dependent. Emulsion stability was enhanced in enzymatically treated samples. Total phenolic content increased in the soluble fraction (up to 21.8%). Functional properties, including cholesterol-binding, sodium cholate-binding, and glucose-adsorption capacities, were significantly influenced by enzymatic modification and pH conditions (for cholesterol-binding capacity). Prebiotic activity varied depending on enzyme treatment, and Celluclast®-modified CP demonstrated the highest prebiotic index, exceeding that of inulin for selected strains. Overall, enzymatic hydrolysis effectively modulated the structural and functional properties of CP, highlighting its potential as a value-added ingredient for the formulation of functional and prebiotic food products. |
