| Abstract [eng] |
Geranium macrorrhizum is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Geraniaceae family, widely found in Central Europe. Rhaponticum carthamoides belongs to Asteraceae family, Rhaponticum Vaill. genus, it is widely consumed for centuries in Russia and Eastern Europe. Both plants are used in a folk medicine for its analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypotensive, spasmolytic, astringent, cardiotonic, hepatoprotective properties and capillary sedative activities. This research was aimed to isolate and analyse bigroot geranium and maral root, grown in Lithuania, components by high-pressure extraction techniques. In order to achieve this goal, two different high-pressure extraction techniques were carried out: supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and pressurized liquid extraction. Solid fat-free plant residues after supercritical carbon dioxide extraction were used for pressurized liquid extraction. SFE-CO2 conditions were optimized using response surface methodology to maximize the extraction yield. PLE conditions were optimized using response surface methodology to maximize the extraction yield, total phenolic content and antioxidants activity. SFE-CO2 geranium and maral root extract’s total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s technique. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH• and ABTS•+ assays, oxygen radical absorbance was measured by ORAC assay. Solid plants initial material and SFE-CO2 residues were analyzed using same methods approaching QUENCHER procedure. PLE geranium extract’s total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s technique. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH• (EC50) and ABTS•+ assays. Tentative chemical characterization of non-volatile compounds of geranium and maral root SFE-CO2 extracts were analyzed by UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS, volatile compounds were analyzed using GCxGC/TOF MS. Characterization of phenolic profile of geranium PLE extract was performed using UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. |
