| Abstract [eng] |
The isolation and purification of the colostrum individual bioactive components is an expensive, complicated and time-consuming process. It is believed that fractions of cow colostrum with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties could be a better economic alternative to facilitate colostrum processing. This problem might be solved by evaluating the possibilities of isolating bioactive components from cow colostrum and determining their properties. Cow colostrum fractions were separated by using membrane filtration and the proteolytic enzyme. Proteins of cow colostrum fractions were identified using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The antioxidant activity of the cow colostrum fractions was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. The antimicrobial activity of the cow colostrum fractions was investigated by the agar diffusion method. The oxidative stability of colostrum fat was measured by oxipress method. Cow colostrum was processed using low-efficiency pilot scale equipment. It was separated 6 fractions: skim colostrum, colostrum fat, colostrum casein fraction, colostrum whey proteins, colostrum whey retentate and permeate under laboratory conditions. All isolated fractions did not differ significantly in protein composition. It was found that colostrum and its fractions have low antioxidant activity. The most important antimicrobial effect was estimated by the colostrum whey protein fraction. The colostrum fat fraction has a higher oxidative stability compared to milk fat. After a year of freezing, most of the unsaturated fatty acids were oxidised. Using a lowefficiency pilot scale equipment, cow colostrum was successfully processed. |
