| Abstract [eng] |
The natural aim of each country is to get economic benefit by using sharing economy of goods and services in international exchanges. The development of international trade plays an important role to economic growth in countries with open and small markets such as the Baltic States. The importance of international trade is particularly revealed during the global economic crisis in 2008. The global economic crisis has shown how the Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian economies are strongly dependent on foreign markets. Export markets of Baltic States are small compared to other European Union members, therefore Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia are heavily influenced by the events taking place in Europe and in the whole world. For this reason, it is relevant to determine the influence of the factors in export and import of the Baltic States, in order to anticipate future threats and to determine how it affected the economy and macroeconomic indicators of each country. The object of research: international trade of the Baltic States. The aim of research: to evaluate the impact of the international trade to macroeconomic indicators in the Baltic States. The tasks of research: 1) To analyse economic problems of international trade in the Baltic States; 2) To analyse principal aspects of international trade and its policy forms and constraints; 3) To identify the main indicators for national economy based on the impact of international trade; 4) To prepare a methodology for the impact of international trade on the macroeconomic indicators of the Baltic States; 5) To investigate the changes in export, import and macroeconomic indicators of the Baltic States and identify the main reasons; 6) To carry out the assessment of relations between the Baltic countries' export and macroeconomic indicators. The results of research. It was estimated that during the period when the research was held, the export and import volumes were increasing. However, some declines have been identified due to external factors such as global economic crisis and Russian embargo. The analysis of the macroeconomic indicators has revealed that the Baltic States are closely interrelated and major parts of observed changes are affected by the same reasons. The accession to the EU was the greatest affect to macroeconomic indicators in Baltic countries while the worst effect on these indicators was caused by global economic crisis. The macroeconomic indicators analysis revealed that in common approach economies of the Baltic countries are growing and the macroeconomic indicators are estimated as improving. The major result of investigation showed, that the labour productivity had the most significant effect on Baltic States export. GDP and FDI strongly correlate with export, but these indicators were not significant variables in the model. Regression models are relevant and further prediction is also possible. The volume of Master Thesis is 81 pages, 20 pictures, 11 tables, 68 bibliographical sources, 27 annexes. |
