| Abstract [eng] |
The construction and infrastructure sector has a significant environmental impact due to high resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This Master’s thesis explores how Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Circular Economy (CE) principles, and Digital Twin (DT) technologies can be combined to improve the sustainability of infrastructure projects. The aim of the study is to evaluate how digital and circular approaches can reduce environmental impacts throughout the infrastructure life cycle. The research is based on a literature review and a quantitative case study of the A5 highway overpass near Kaunas. The case study uses BIM-based data, and One Click LCA software to assess different design scenarios in accordance with ISO 14040/44 and EN 15804 standards. Several scenarios are analysed, ranging from a baseline design with conventional materials to more sustainable alternatives incorporating low-carbon materials, improved transport logistics, and circular design strategies. The results show that material production stages are the main source of carbon emissions. Replacing conventional concrete and steel with low-carbon and recycled alternatives achieved the greatest reduction in Global Warming Potential, while transport optimization provided smaller but additional benefits. The fully circular design scenario resulted in the highest overall emission reduction. The study also highlights the role of Digital Twin technologies in supporting circular infrastructure through real-time data monitoring and predictive maintenance. Although challenges remain, the integration of LCA, CE, and DT offers a practical pathway toward low-carbon and resource-efficient infrastructure development. |
