| Abstract [eng] |
The comfort properties of textiles are mainly determined by air permeability, water absorption and moisture transfer through the textiles. With increased body sweating, it is especially important that excess moisture is quickly absorbed, but not transferred to the outer layers of clothing. In this work, ten variants of hydrophilic cellulose-based knitted fabrics and two variants of hydrophobic synthetic woven fabrics of different structures, raw materials and surface densities were made. Knits of pure cotton yarns, and combinations of cotton and viscose yarns with modal, elastane, polyester and polyamide yarns were investigated. The knitted fabrics were knitted in single jersey, single plated, Milano rib, tuck-stitch and fleece patterns; the woven fabrics were woven in plain weave. Physical properties such as dynamic and static water absorption and drying speed were determined for the materials tested. The ability of the material to absorb moisture is an essential feature that determines comfort. The dynamics of moisture absorption are fundamental, i.e., how quickly moisture is absorbed and how widely the moisture stain spreads across the surface of the materials. Analysis of the static and dynamic water absorption of ten cellulose-based hydrophilic knitted fabrics and two synthetic hydrophobic woven fabrics showed that the best moisture absorption and comfort performance of the textile materials could be achieved by using cellulose-based double-layer knitted structures consisting of a cotton-based fleece knitted structure for the inner layer and fully hydrophobic synthetic dense and thin woven fabrics for the outer layer. In a study of the drying speed of the materials, it was found that fabric knitted in a fleece pattern using combinations of cotton, modal and elastane yarns absorbed the most moisture. Therefore, the best performance of textile materials is achieved when hydrophilic and hydrophobic textile layers are used together. |
