| Abstract [eng] |
The laser industry is a high value-added sector, clearly an important part of high-tech industries and the processes of production and export development and the factors influencing the growth of this industry are therefore an important scientific issue. The analysis of the export problems of the laser industry and the assessment of the factors that promote export development of industrial and scientific strategies in Lithuania. The objective is to assess the export drivers of the laser industry in Lithuania by examining the development trends and potential of the laser industry. Objectives: (1) To analyse the export trends of the laser industry in Lithuania and to assess the main challenges and problem areas of export development; (2) To investigate the significance of the laser industry for the country’s economy and the factors of export development in a theoretical perspective; (3) To analyse the regulatory aspects of the export of laser products; (4) To investigate the dynamics of the export of Lithuanian laser products to the main markets and the changes in the comparative advantage; (5) To carry out an empirical study of the factors influencing the export of Lithuanian lasers. Research methods – comparative analysis of scientific literature, statistical data analysis, graphical analysis, correlation matrix, Granger causality test, pairwise linear regression (PTR) models, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models. Econometric estimation was performed using EViews 12 SV software. Following a literature review, research has identified the factors that influence the export performance of the laser industry, and these factors are divided into endogenous and exogenous factors. The authors analyse the impact of exogenous factors such as FDI attraction, historical and global events, macroeconomic factors, the evolution of academic disciplines, and the number of firms in the sector. Endogenous factors include firms’ investment in R&D, human capital and skills, organisational capabilities, knowledge flows, firms‘technological infrastructure, investment in tangible and intangible assets, number of employees in R&D laboratories, investment in licences and patens. The results showed that the export of performance of the Lithuanian laser industry has a medium strength negative correlation with interest rates, public investment in R&D and R&D expenditure in the sector. The Granger causality test showed that the number of military conflicts and the volume of investment in patens and licences have an impact on export performance. The results showed that the additional occurrence of military conflict has a negative impact on export performance. The study also found that investment in patents and licences has a positive impact on the export performance. The study suggests recommendations for further research, such as increasing the availability of capital by fully or partially covering interest rates could be one of the government’s policy guidelines, attracting foreign direct investment by increasing capital. Additional finance allows for increased output and investment in patents and licences. |
