| Abstract [eng] |
Food and agriculture waste generated worldwide poses significant challenges, as decomposing waste releases substantial amounts of gas, contributing to climate change. One way to address this issue could be the use of organic waste from the food industry for fertilizer production. Granulated organic fertilizers would not only help reduce waste and emissions but also improve soil fertility. During the industrial production of such fertilizers, some granules do not meet the required size and must be returned to the process as recycle. This recycle can affect the properties of the final product, and its use requires additional technological equipment. In this study, biomass, buckwheat husks, buckwheat husk ash—which contains plant nutrients (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu)—molasses solution, beaten eggs, and polyvinyl acetate were used for organic fertilizer granulation. The obtained results show that the highest amount of commercial granules was produced with 30% and 40% recycle; however, recycle does not significantly change other properties of fertilizers. Fertilizer granules were plastic or had a static strength between 7.03– 10.05 N/granule, because the strength depends on the nature of solid raw materials and especially the liquid binder. The bulk density of fertilizers ranged from 232.2 kg⋅m-³ to 429.0kg⋅m-³, and the pH interval was 6.9–13.6, depending on the composition of the raw material mixture. |
