| Abstract [eng] |
In recent decades, energy consumption has been attracting considerable attention worldwide, so it is important to harness the potential of renewable energy. The Sun is the most powerful renewable source of energy. Solar cells (SCs) convert solar energy into electricity. Currently, polycrystalline silicon solar cells are the dominant photovoltaic technology (~ 90%), but they are relatively expensive and complicated to produce. Organic and hybrid solar cells are rapidly gaining ground as a low-cost alternative. Among the latter, Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) stand out as a breakthrough as they have demonstrated impressive efficiency, which has been increasing to over 26%. PSCs are characterized by simplicity of construction, the low cost of raw materials, and the ability of the perovskite layer to absorb a wide range of light wavelengths. In these solar cells, the organic hole transporting layer is one of the key components which is responsible for extracting holes from the perovskite layer and transporting them towards the electrode. An organic semiconductor codenamed Spiro-OMeTAD, which is most used for hole transporting, is very expensive and the biggest problem is the insufficient long-term stability of these devices. All these disadvantages open wide opportunities to search for more promising Hole Transporting Materials (HTMs). In this dissertation, HTMs, containing fluorene, carbazole or spirobisindane fragments, that have been synthesized and investigated by the author are reviewed. The low cost and commercial availability of the starting materials, simpler synthesis, lower production costs, and better results in terms of PSCs efficiency and stability make many of them attractive and promising HTMs in the modern PSC market. |
