| Abstract [eng] |
With the improving economical situation and growing population standard of living comes the increase of the waste amount in many European cities. This tendency is particularly clearly reflected by growing municipal waste generation rate. In 1993, the 5th European Community Environment Action Programme, where the targets and principles are set, a target of stabilising municipal waste generation at the 1985 level of 300 kg/capita/annum by 2000 was set. However, the attempt to meet this target was unsuccessful. Almost all countries exceeded the established rate by 75-100%. The 6th Community Environment Action Programme discarded utopian objective to reduce waste generation rates. This was not defined in quantitative manner anymore. The initial and essential step in the waste management system planning is waste collection (in this work equivalent to waste generation) prognosis. However, constantly changing situation in the waste management sector strongly impacts waste generation rates (which are usually equating to collection rates) and this makes the forecasting more difficult. Although municipal waste forecasts need isn‘t dealt with legislation, but the knowledge of future waste amounts is essential for the adoption of important strategic goals, for making policy decisions and for determining the waste management tasks on the level of European Union and Republic of Lithuania. The waste management strategy presented in the Lithuanian National Strategic Waste Management Plan sets a target to minimize amounts of landfilled waste. Thus, it is important to consider various options, alternatives, or scenarios of MSW management options, alternatives, or scenarios of MSW management options with respect to impact on the environment and energy systems. |
