| Abstract [eng] |
Subjective evaluations of the social policy features in the context of welfare state models in Lithuanian society. The state is improving the social policy welfare model and its implementation with respect to the public needs. G. Esping - Andersen has identified three basic models of welfare state: liberal, social democratic and conservative / corporate, which are based on different values. Each social policy model have different principles and values. However, the theoretical social policy, welfare state features often do not coincide with the basic principles of the policy. The subjective evaluations of the residents of Lithuania reveal the problematic fields of the social policy that should be addressed in order to improve their efficiency. The following problems are analyzed in the thesis: based on subjective assessments of the population, what are the features of the Lithuanian social policy in the context of welfare state models? Who should take the responsibility for taking care of people in the unexpected cases in the welfare state (during the illness, when reaching the retirement age, after the birth of the child/children, after losing the job)? The objective of the thesis is to analyze the Lithuanian residents' subjective views of the social policy features in the context of welfare state models. The objectives of this theses are as follows: definition of the concept of the welfare state and discussion of the social policy fields (family, job market and employment, social security and health) in the context of these models; discussion of the properties of the Lithuanian social policy and its fields (family, job market and employment, social security and health) in the context of the welfare state models; preparation of the empiric research technique for the evaluation of the social policy model assessment by the Lithuanian residents in the context of the welfare state models; research Lithuanian residents' social policies (family, job market and employment, social security and health) evaluation and the responsibility attribution to institutes (the state, the family, NGO‘s) at the unforeseen life circumstances (illness, retirement, birth of a child); research Lithuanian residents' assessment of the social policy model in the context of the welfare state models and compare the results with theoretical Lithuanian social policy features in the context of welfare state models. The data of the ISSP research \"Social policy (II; III; IV; V)\" of 2011, 2013 and 2015 is used for the researching of the public opinion. The data of the ISSP \"Social policy\" shows the opinion of the Lithuanian residents regarding the main principles of the social policy, it allows to investigate the specific experiences and views of the residents that are related to the social policy implemented in Lithuania, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the social policy, the repeated investigations are performed as well, due to them the obtained data can be analyzed during the various periods. In order to reveal the views regarding the Lithuanian social policy welfare model the secondary analysis of the quantitative data is used, it employs the \"SPSS\" and \"MS Excel\" applications. General evaluations of the social policy fields (social security, job market and employment, family, health care) of the residents of Lithuania are presented in the research analysis. The concept of the welfare state, typology and main traits of these models are analyzed and the properties of the main social policy fields: social security, job market and employment, family and health policy are revealed in the theoretical part of the master's thesis. Theoretical welfare models of social policy fields are characterized by various traits. Social security policy in Lithuania has the traits of the liberal welfare state model, job market and employment policy – liberal, family policy – conservative / corporate, health care – liberal welfare state model. The analysis results showed that the social security policy and job market and employment policy are evaluated in Lithuania the worst, while the health care policy is evaluated the best. It was established that residents of Lithuania feel insecure after attaining the retirement age, in case of an illness or after losing the job, but feel neither secure nor insecure after the birth of the child/children. In the subjective opinion of the residents of Lithuania after attaining the retirement age, in case of an illness or after losing the job the state should take care of the individual, and after the birth of the child/children the individual should take care of himself. It was determined that subjective opinions of the residents of Lithuania regarding the social policy could depend on the demographic indicators, such as: gender, age, education, place of residence, income. In the subjective opinion of the residents, the social policy that is performed in Lithuania should correspond to the traits of the social democratic model of the welfare state. |
