| Abstract [eng] |
The master's final project analyzes the influence of the European green course on the competitiveness of countries. The topic of competitiveness of countries is widely referred to in the academic literature of Lithuanian and foreign scientists, although there is no agreement on the definition and evaluation methodology of competitiveness. A review of scientific literature was carried out in the final master's project. It discusses the development of the concept of competitiveness and briefly describes the levels of competitiveness, thus here are some models for assessing the competitiveness of countries. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, the country's competitiveness model was created, which consists of 9 groups of factors built on 50 indicators. Data on the values of the indicators were obtained from the databases of the World Bank, Eurostat, and Our World in Data. The study covers 24 countries of the European Union from the period of 2012 to 2021. The missing values of the formed data matrix are filled using the MICE method. Factors causing a strong correlation effect are removed from the data matrix. Next, the study continues with 44 factors. The competitiveness index is calculated by normalizing the factors using the method of maximum and minimum value, then summing up the obtained results by country and year. To understand the overall competitiveness index of the climate change trend of the European Union and the CO2 indicator, clustering is done: k-means, hierarchical i.e. Word, unitary, full, and average data connection methods are also used for continuum clustering. A principal component analysis method is applied to identify the most important factors for each cluster. A competitiveness strategy is composed. The empirical study reveals that the European green rate has generally positive and current negative effects on countries' competitiveness and CO2 reduction. It was observed that the inclusion of the dimension of climate neutrality in the assessment of competitiveness eliminates the aspect of competitive advantage based on geographical proximity. |
