| Abstract [eng] |
This study analyzes gas turbine technologies. The literature review describes the practical types of gas turbines, reviews the technical characteristics and distinguishes the advantages and disadvantages of different working modes. The possibilities of using alternative fuel in the gas turbine were also evaluated. Combining gas turbines with renewable energy such as solar and wind creates a more balanced generation portfolio that can meet fluctuating demand patterns throughout the day. Gas turbines can maintain grid stability by providing reactive power, regulating voltage and frequency in the grid, maintaining a reliable and secure electricity supply. Gas turbines can respond quickly to grid imbalances and help mitigate renewable power outages. Excess energy from renewable energy sources can be used in water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen can then be stored and fed to a gas turbine for back-up or on-demand electricity generation. In addition, methods of hydrogen extraction are reviewed, as well as research results and practices in replacing natural gas with hydrogen or other forms of fuel. A model based on mathematical equations was created, which evaluates the technical characteristics and economic indicators of the gas turbine. The model analyzed the characteristics of different work modes. An analysis of the base load mode and peak load, load tracking, standby gas turbine operating modes was performed. Calculations covered a number of key parameters including gas turbine efficiency, capital cost, annual revenue, operating cost, payback period, net present value (NPV), return on investment (ROI). Data on gas turbine power, operating hours, energy output, fuel consumption, fuel and electricity prices, and CO2 emissions were included to provide a comprehensive picture. Using this data, we gained valuable insights into the financial viability of the technologies, emission profiles and overall performance of a gas turbine power plant using natural gas and hydrogen as fuel. The obtained results showed that gas turbines in base load modes ensure stable income and the payback time becomes significantly lower than peak load, load tracking or reserve power gas turbines working for a lower number of working hours. Replacing natural gas with hydrogen significantly reduces CO2 emissions, but the price of hydrogen becomes a key factor due to its economic availability in gas turbine technology. |
