| Is Part of |
Open readings 2023: 66th international conference for students of physics and natural sciences, April 18-21, 2023, Vilnius, Lithuania: annual abstract book / editors: M. Keršys, Š. Mickus.. Vilnius : Vilnius University press, 2023. p. 138.. ISBN 9786090708835 |
| Abstract [eng] |
Tagetes patula belongs to the family Asteraceae and is widely recognized for its phytochemical and therapeutic properties. Traditionally, the plant is used to treat many symptoms and diseases such as colic, diarrhea, rheumatism, eye problems, cough and constipation. Previous studies have shown that these flowers are rich source of carotenoids, flavonoids, steroids, thiophenes and monoterpenoids. The essential oil is well characterized of these plants, but still there is a lack of information about the composition of other components obtained by innovative extraction methods. In recent years such innovative methods as supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) has gain the popularity in isolating bioactive compounds from various plants. The aim of this work was to develop separation technology for producing various nutrients (products rich in bioactive components) from Tagetes patula flowers using biorefining and green extraction concepts, as well as characterization of obtained extracts. Flowers first of all was defatted by supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) using 45 MPa pressure and 50℃ temperature. Triacylglycerols (TAGs), sterols and tocopherols content were analysed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC), while fatty acids composition was determined by gas chromatography (GC). Total carotenoids content was measured by spectrophotometric method. Defatted flowers were further extracted by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) sequently with ethanol and water. Antioxidant activity of different fractions (lipofilic and polar extracts) was evaluated by using different in vitro antioxidant capacity assays: the ABTS assay, which measures the relative ability of antioxidants to scavenge the ABTS, as compared with a Trolox standard; the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay, which measures a fluorescent signal from a probe that is quenched in the presence of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and added antioxidant absorbs the generated ROS. Total phenol content (TPC) was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method. The yield of lipophilic fraction recovered by SFE-CO2 was 1.5%. Highly unsaturated TAGs were majorly found in the extract: LLLn, OLnL, LLnLn and OLL. Four tocopherols (sometimes also called E-vitamers) and 4 phytosterols were preliminarily quantified by their peak areas in the extract. α-tocopherol was dominating in Tagetes patula oil, while the content of β-sitosterol was many times higher than the content of other detected sterols. Lipid fraction recovered by supercritical CO2 extraction was composed of linoleic, oleic and linolenic acids. Deffated Tagetes patula flowers further were sequentially extracted with ethanol and water by PLE. The yield of ethanol extract was 34%, while water additionally recovered 17% of extract. The antioxidant capacity of extracts measured by different methods increased with increasing solvent polarity. It may be concluded that the lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts isolated from Tagetes patula flowers by supercritical CO2 and pressurized liquid extractions are a good source of bioactive compounds, which might find applications in the formulation of cosmetics and nutraceuticals. |
