| Abstract [eng] |
Food waste flow management remains an important element on the Lithuanian and European level. Food waste management is important topic for several reasons: the diversity of these wastes and upward trend, environmental restrictions for disposal of these wastes, big potential for material and energy recovery, a whole range of disturbances in the waste management operating system, resulting in deviations from the stated goals. For the first time in master’s thesis, a possibility on how to manage food wastes at the cafeteria was analyzed. In master‘s thesis, analysis of scientific literature, legislation, food waste streams and management was carried out. There was assessed the most recent food waste management options, methods of prevention and food waste streams. In legislation overview there was identified that one of the priorities of the European Union is that biodegradable waste management should be carried out in cost-effective manner, while maintaining a high level of environmental protection. In scientific work in Telšiai district municipality, biodegradable waste management system was analyzed, special attention was given to the food waste streams. It was found that in the municipality 7448.87 t/y. of biodegradable waste from municipal solid waste stream is generated, 1082.83 t/y. by-products from the municipal slaughterhouse and 137040 m3/y. of whey. Municipal waste, together with the biodegradable fraction is treated in regional MBT. After the waste treatment, along with remaining municipalities solid waste stream is landfilling with the capacity of 12171,25 t/y. For a part of these wastes, alternatives are proposed. First one – MBT optimization, which allows to enlarge biogas production by 133100 m3/y. and produce 1206,9 t/y. of biocompost by using source segregated food wastes from blocks of flats, other organizations, accommodation and catering facilities. After this decision, the MBT treated municipal waste going to landfill will be 11710,87 t/y. Second one – AB “Žemaitijos pienas” remaining whey recycling by using micro, ultra, nano filtration technologies for recovery 4628,18 t/y. lactose and 606,26 t/y. proteins. Third one – food waste treatment in cafeteria “Branša” which allows to treat 10 t/y. of food waste at the source. Together all these innovations consists an integrated food waste management system which allows separately collect and treat in Telšiai MBT 2055,22 t/y. of food waste from flats, organizations and accommodation and catering facilities, before mixing these wastes with green wastes 436 t/y. from green waste composting site. Another 10 t/y. will be treated inside the source in cafeteria “Branša” and remaining digestate will be disposed to green waste composting site for further maturation and the proposed innovation for whey processing will allow reduce whey amount by 80 %. |
