| Abstract [eng] |
This dissertation is written based on six published papers. First study is related to a comparison of methods based on XRD patterns for calculating crystal size. In this case, XRD peaks of hydroxyapatite (HA) obtained from cow, pig, and chicken bones were presented and crystallite size values were gained by methods based on XRD. Of all the methods, the Monshi-Scherrer method provided a simple calculation and a reduction in error by applying least squares to the linear plot and gave crystallite size values of 60, 60, and 57 nm for cow, pig and chicken, respectively. In the second study, a new method for obtaining the Young’s modulus of crystallite materials is presented. In this method, the Young’s modulus of crystallite materials is obtained by X-ray diffraction. In this study, Young’s modulus values were gained through the arbitrary planes such as random (hkl) in the research. The Young’s modulus is calculated by the relationship between the elastic compliances, the geometry of the crystal lattice and the planar density of each diffracted plane by X-ray diffraction. This method is introduced with planar density values as the X-axis and the Young’s modulus values as the Y-axis, so that intercept can register Young’s modulus with high accuracy. In addition, sodium chloride (NaCl) with an FCC crystal lattice was selected as an example, and the Young’s modulus value of NaCl was measured to be 35.68 GPa. In the third study, this method is used for the Perovskite lattice (CaTiO3), and the Young’s modulus of unit cell, super cells (2×2×2) and symmetry cells were calculated. The extracted Young’s modulus values were recorded as 162.62, 151.71, and 152.21 GPa for the unit cell, super Cells (2×2×2), and symmetry cells tandemly. Moreover, the calculated Young’s modulus value of the symmetry cells agreed well with the experimental methods and the data from the literatures. In the fourth study, this method was used for HA as a hexagonal example of unit cell and super cells (2×2×2). The Young’s modulus values extracted by this method were 108.15 and 121.17 GP for unit cell and super cells (2×2×2), respectively. In the fifth study, the hair band was chosen as a new approach to prepare big and open porosities of a nanocomposite consisted of Ag/HA/PVTMS, because these porosities are the best sites for blood cells nucleation and growth. The physical, mechanical and bioactive properties of the prepared nanocomposites were investigated and maximum value of compressive strength was measured to be 15.71 MPa at a strain of ̴ 0.77. In six study, a nanocomposite consisting of 5 mol% crystalline CuI-doped HA, was prepared for the first time by a simple chemical method and calcined at different temperatures such as 300 ◦C, 500 ◦C, 700 ◦C, and 900 ◦C respectively. In this study, HA played a role as the matrix and CuI was the reinforcement. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of these nanocomposites were fully discussed extensively using the ASTM-E9 standard, and CuI (5 mol%)/ HA, calcined at 900 ◦C, was in a better range than the other compounds and the σyc and hardness values were reported as 7.32 Mpa and 40.81 HV, respectively. |
