| Abstract [eng] |
Nowadays environmental requirements keep on increasing, specifically more related to waste produced from production. Manufacturing companies should take measures in recycling or use their materials for secondary purpose. Furthermore, well known recycling here and later methods exists for standard materials like wood and thermoplastic polymers. This is not the case for thermoset polymers, which are used extensively, especially in the footwear industry. At present the most widely used method of disposal of the thermosets polymers are landfills and incineration, which results in high air, land, and water pollution. These pollutions greatly affect the environment. The aim of the project is to obtain a new waste based composite material sheets for the footwear production applications that can replace traditional insole materials. This obtained material should be cost effective in comparision to the existing material. Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. beech wood waste generated in the manufacturing of footwear were used for the fabrication of the composite. Lamination design of three-layered composite was also studied to investigate the effects of the layer thickness and waste content and binder on the structure, water absorption and mechanical properties of the composites. Composites were prepared using two kinds of binding materials polyamide and expanded polystyrene. It was found that the waste obtained from the manufacturing of shoe parts such as last and insole milling can be used to produce composite sheet with good physical and mechanical properties, i.e. similar or better to the existing insole materials, such as carboard or cork. The mechanical properties of three-layered composite decreased with increasing beech wood content. Composites containing binder materials have significantly higher values of strength and resistance of the flexing in comparision to composites without binders. As a final part of this project, impact of the use of production waste on the cost of composite raw materials was determined. |
