| Abstract [eng] |
Nowadays the European Union is intensively solving the problems regarding energy resources. One of the main problems is consumption of energy in residential, public and industrial buildings. In Lithuania, year 2013, new requirements of Technical Regulation of Construction STR 2.05.01:2013 „Projection of energy perfomcance of buildings“ took effect. In accordance with it, buildings were classified by energy performance in these classes: A++, A+, A, A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Buildings of class A++ were regarded as the best, practically not using any energy. From 1 January 2021, all newly built buildings will have to conform this class. In this article I will analyze currently the most popular materials of insulation, which are being used for pitched and flat roofs, frame walls, porous concrete walls, expanded clay walls, walls of silicate blocks and log walls. With these thermal insulation materials it is possible to reach the highest class of energy performance, A++. The criteria of calculation were selected at my discretion, and the head people, working at building insulation, will evaluate their importance. The criteria of roofs and walls will be evaluated separately. In their opinion, the most important criteria of the walls is the price of insulation material of 1 m2, and the least important – immunity to fire and water absorption. The most important criteria of roofs is also the price of insulation material of 1 m2, and the least important – water absorption. According to calculations, the best insulation material for a flat roof is polystyrene foam(non water absorbing), and the worst – stone wool. By chosen criteria the best pitched roof is the one installed with sprayed eco-wool, and the worst – with polyurethane plate. One of the best insulation materials for a wall is polystyrene foam. By calculations it is the most suitable for expanded clay, porous concrete, silicate block masonries and log walls. The best insulation for frame walls is soft stone wool. |
