| Abstract [eng] |
Ammonia is a widely used chemical compound. It is mainly used in the chemical and agricultural industries. Due to the rising cost of energy resources, technological methods are being sought that would allow the product to be produced using lower production costs. In this master‘s degree thesis technological research of synthesis and refrigeration processes which take place in “Achema” factory ammonia plant was carried out. The models of these two sections were created in process modeling program “Aspen Plus”. Also, the new technological line was designed by using data of reaction kinetics. This new line would be installed between third and fourth stages of synthesis gas compression before gas enters the synthesis cycle. The changes in technological parameters after reconstruction were evaluated by simulating processes. It was found that if load of plant would not change, the consumption of 100 atm pressure steam would be reduced by 2,55 t/h. As well as utilization of heat after the new synthesis column would produce 11 t/h of steam (100 atm). The occupational safety and health analysis has been carried out on the basis of occupational risk assessment, assessment of job hygiene, safety and anti-explosion protection. Explosive and fire haz-ardous areas have been identified as explosive and flammable. Estimating financial and economical calculations provides the prime price of liquid ammonia. The calculations assessed the net present value of the project, investment efficiency, profitability. After calculating the reconstruction, there are an additional 3,3 mln. Eur profit in a year. In conclusion, reconstructed ammonia synthesis technology produces higher profits. The payback period of the planned project is 4,3 years. An environmental assessment of the refurbished technology has identified environmental impacts. The main pollution problems are caused by emissions to air and the resulting catalyst wastes, which are subsequently disposed of. |
