| Abstract [eng] |
Improving the efficiency of heat production facilities is an area that is technologically, economically and environmentally relevant and requires the involvement of highly skilled and experienced engineers. In regions where the production of heat by burning biofuels is developed, measures to increase the efficiency of boiler houses, such as the first-stage condensing economizer, are already well known to the representatives of the technological field, boiler house operators. In Lithuania, the increase of the efficiency of heat production technologies by installing an absorption heat pump was started in 2020. Co-financing has created an increased demand for the development and installation of absorption heat pump technology. One of the main devices of such a system is a second stage condensing economizer (FGC II). In this project of the master's thesis it is analyzed the possibilities and solutions to optimize the operation of the second stage condensing economizer with a design thermal capacity of 1.2 MW. Optimization works were started at the design stage of the plant, based on the operating parameters and parameters range of the existing biofuel boiler house and the newly installed absorption heat pump. At this stage, engineering heat balance calculations, aerodynamic, hydraulic pressure resistance and heat and mass transfer calculations were performed. The aerodynamic resistance of FGC II was evaluated by numerical finite element modeling and the optimal design was selected. In the next stage, experimental studies were performed in the operating 1.2 MW thermal power plant, FGC II, during which the characteristic parameters were determined: aerodynamic resistance, temperature modes, optimal spray condensate flow rates in different cases, the influence of spray condensate droplet dispersion on FGC II. The values of FGC II aerodynamic resistance calculated and measured during the studies differed by 9 - 15%, depending on the operating modes. During the experimental measurements, the optimal amount of sprayed condensate per unit volume of incoming flue gas differed from the calculated design values by 10 - 25%. After optimizing the flow values of the sprayed condensate according to the results of experimental studies, the electricity consumption, depending on the operating mode, decreased by 9 - 21%. The potential for increasing the thermal power of 5 - 20% of FGC II was found in the research of improving the quality of the sprayed condensate dispersion. |
